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What does the term 'desiccants' refer to in pest control?

  1. Substances that kill by drying out the insect

  2. Substances that disrupt nerve action

  3. Substances that are safe for humans

  4. Substances that attract pests

The correct answer is: Substances that kill by drying out the insect

The term 'desiccants' in pest control specifically refers to substances that kill insects by causing them to dry out. These materials work by absorbing moisture from the environment and from the exoskeletons of the targeted pests. When insects come into contact with desiccants, their bodies lose water rapidly, leading to dehydration and ultimately death. This method is effective against a variety of pests, particularly those that have a protective outer shell, such as cockroaches and certain types of ants. Desiccants are particularly useful in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies because they can provide a non-chemical means of controlling pest populations, making them appealing for those seeking environmentally friendly control methods. The action of desiccants does not rely on toxic effects on the nervous system or other physiological processes, which distinguishes them from other pest control substances.