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Pesticide runoff may cause?

  1. Damage to non-target organisms

  2. Contamination of water

  3. Correction through proper grading and vegetation

  4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

Pesticide runoff refers to the movement of pesticides from the application area to other environments, often triggered by rainfall, irrigation, or other forms of water movement. This phenomenon can have several negative consequences, which is why the comprehensive answer is valid. Damage to non-target organisms is a significant concern, as pesticides are designed to eliminate specific pests but can inadvertently harm beneficial insects, birds, and other wildlife that are not intended targets. This can disrupt local ecosystems. Additionally, the contamination of water resources is a critical issue. When pesticides enter waterways, they can pollute drinking water supplies, harm aquatic life, and affect overall water quality. This poses a risk not only to the environment but also to public health. While proper grading and vegetation can help mitigate runoff and its effects, they do not always correct the problem. Implementing best management practices can reduce runoff, but the potential for pesticide mobilization remains a concern. Thus, considering the multiple layers of impact that pesticide runoff can have on ecosystems and water quality, the selection of all the mentioned affecting factors provides a more complete view of the ramifications associated with pesticide use and runoff.